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Service Description: There are three Alberta oil sands areas: Peace River (1 & 2), Cold Lake, and Athabasca. The Athabasca oil sands area is the largest covering over 93 000 km2, with bitumen deposits hosted predominantly within the Wabiskaw member and McMurray Formation. The Peace River oil sands area covers over 29 000 km2, with bitumen deposits mainly within the Bluesky and Gething Formations. The Cold Lake oil sands area covers nearly 18 000 km2, with bitumen deposits residing mostly within the Clearwater Formation. These areas are determined by the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER).Oil sands are a mixture of sand, clay, water, and bitumen. Bitumen is extremely viscous oil (up to 4 times more viscous than peanut butter) that does not flow on its own. Heat or other lighter hydrocarbons are added to reduce the viscosity of the bitumen to allow it to flow. To produce bitumen, methods such as mining, steam-assisted gravity drainage (or SAGD, mainly in Athabasca), or cyclic-steam stimulation (or CSS, mainly in Cold Lake) must be used. Oil sands shallower than 75 m are extracted in open pit mining operations. For areas deeper than this, the clearing of overburden becomes too costly and requires underground in situ methods using steam or steam with solvents.

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Service Item Id: 00ae459d9a16464a8a16f7f91a205fd4

Copyright Text: Alberta Energy, Government of Alberta

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Keywords: economy,Oil Sands Area,Oil Sands Areas,Athabasca Oil Sands Area,Athabasca,Cold Lake Oil Sands Area,Cold Lake,Peace River Oil Sands Area,Peace River,Peace River 1,Peace River 2
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